Toothache is one of the most common and uncomfortable dental complaints that people experience. It can range from a mild, nagging sensitivity to a sharp, throbbing pain that interferes with daily life. But what causes this pain, and why is it so persistent?

At Dr. Reem Hejazi’s clinic, we believe that understanding the root causes of toothache is the first step toward effective treatment and lasting relief.

1. Tooth Decay (Cavities)

One of the leading causes of toothache is dental caries, or cavities. When plaque builds up on your teeth and is not properly removed, bacteria produce acids that eat away at the enamel. As the decay progresses and reaches the inner layer of the tooth (the dentin or pulp), it can trigger inflammation and pain.

2. Gum Disease (Gingivitis or Periodontitis)

Inflamed or infected gums can also cause pain around the teeth. Gum disease starts with bleeding gums and may progress to deep infection, receding gums, and loose teeth—causing significant discomfort and even tooth loss if untreated.

3. Tooth Abscess

An abscess is a pocket of pus caused by a bacterial infection. It usually forms at the root of the tooth or in the gums and leads to intense, throbbing pain that may radiate to the jaw, ear, or neck. Abscesses require urgent dental treatment to avoid serious complications.

4. Cracked or Fractured Tooth

Even a small crack in a tooth can expose the inner layers and nerves, leading to sharp pain when biting, chewing, or drinking hot or cold beverages.

5. Teeth Grinding (Bruxism)

Habitual grinding or clenching of teeth, especially during sleep, puts pressure on the teeth and jaw muscles, often resulting in soreness or persistent dull pain.

6. Impacted Wisdom Teeth

If a wisdom tooth does not erupt properly, it can push against other teeth or remain trapped in the gum, causing pain, swelling, and sometimes infection.

Toothache is never “normal” and should not be ignored. At Dr. Reem Hejazi’s clinic, we offer thorough examinations, precise diagnosis, and gentle, effective treatments to relieve pain and preserve your oral health. Whether your pain is recent or ongoing, seeking timely care can make all the difference.